Johnson-Claisen Rearrangement
Johnson – Claisen Rearrangement Johnson-Claisen rearrangement is organic chemistry reaction to form unsaturated ester from allylic alcohol and trialkyl orthoacetate in presence of mildly acidic conditions and heat. The reaction was discovered in 1970 by W.S Johnson and its co-workers. Mechanism of reaction– Firstly alkoxide group is protonated of orthoacetate. Then molecule of alcohol is […]
Biginelli Reaction
Biginelli Reaction Bignelli reaction is ring forming organic chemistry reaction which forms pyrimidones from three components aldehyde, β-keto ester, and urea in the presence of acidic conditions. The reaction was discovered by Italian chemist Pietro Biginelli in 1891. Mechanism of reaction – Firstly, in reaction condensation of aldehyde and urea takes place, as it happens […]
Eschenmoser-Claisen Rearrangement
Eschenmoser – Claisen Rearrangement Eschenmoser-Claisen rearrangement is the organic chemistry reaction which leads to the formation of α, β unsaturated amide from allylic alcohol in presence of heated N,N dimethylacetamide dimethyl acetal. The reaction is named after Albert Eschenmoser who discovered this reaction in 1964. This reaction is also used in synthesis of morphine (opioid […]
Finkelstein Reaction
Finkelstein Reaction Finkelstein reaction is a single step substitution nucleophilic bimolecular reaction (SN2) which involves the halide replacement. The reaction was discovered by Hans Finkelstein a German chemist. It is a type of equilibrium process and it is carried forward as acetone has poor solubility for formed metal halide which involves Le Chatelier’s principle. The […]
Eschweiler- Clarke Reaction
Eschweiler – Clarke Reaction Eschweiler- Clarke reaction is a substitution organic chemistry reaction which leads to the formation of tertiary methylamines by reaction of primary amine or secondary amine in presence of formaldehyde and formic acid. The reaction was discovered by German chemist Wilhelm Eschweiler as well as British chemist Hans Thacker Clarke. Mechanism of […]
Baylis-Hillman Reaction
Baylis – Hillman Reaction Baylis-Hillman reaction is a coupling organic chemistry reaction which leads to forming C-C bond in between α, β carbonyl compounds like aldehyde or activated ketone and electrophiles. The reaction takes place in presence of tertiary amine and phosphine and mostly DABCO (1,4 Diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane tertiary amine is used. The reaction […]
Rational Drug Design
Rational Drug Design It is a process of discovery of a new molecule depending upon the target receptor. Generally, the drug is a small organic molecule that shows its action either by potentiation or inhibition of biomolecules that are present in the human body. While designing a molecule it is very important to take care […]
Bio-organic Chemistry
Bio-Organic Chemistry It deals with two fields biochemistry and organic chemistry. The biochemistry part deals with living processes using the chemistry of molecules. This stream tends to increase organic structure, properties of molecules, and synthesis knowledge towards biological phenomena. History: Dr. Margret was the first person who discovered the amino acid term when she was […]
Hybridization
Hybridization Hybridization is defined as the mixture of two different molecular orbitals to form a new orbital/hybrid having different energy and shape. Types: Sp, Sp2, Sp3, Sp3d, Sp3d2, Sp3d3. Sp hybridization: It is done by intermixing one ‘s’ and one ‘p’ orbital. Finally, originated hybrid has an energy of two different orbitals and hybrid is […]
Combinatorial Chemistry
Combinatorial Chemistry Definition: It is a method of preparation of a large number of compounds in a single process, libraries can be made either as a mixture or individual compounds which are developed by computer software. Techniques that are utilized for the identification of library components. These can be used for different fields. History: It […]